The question/claim: "Is wearing a blue evil-eye bead, hanging a horseshoe, or carrying an amulet a protection of the religion? Or are these a cultural belief?"
What does the Qur'an say? — refuge is in God alone
The Qur'anic way of guarding against harm rests not on an object but on seeking refuge in God:
"Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the daybreak…" (113:1)
"Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind… from the evil of the sneaking whisperer." (114:1, 114:4)
"Say: Nothing befalls us except what God has decreed for us; He is our Protector. In God let the believers put their trust." (9:51)
Concept ≠ object: the evil eye vs. the bead
- The evil eye (ʿayn) as a concept does not appear as a doctrine in the Qur'an; it comes rather from the hadith tradition (the report "the evil eye is real"). Whatever weight one gives that report, the protection the Qur'an teaches is not to assign power to an object.
- But the means of protection taught by the Qur'an and Sunnah is seeking refuge in God, supplication, and reciting al-Falaq / an-Nās (ruqyah) — not assigning protective power to an object (a blue bead, a charm).
- The blue bead / horseshoe / charm has its origin in pre-Islamic Mediterranean–Anatolian folk belief. Ascribing protective power to the object is theologically problematic (giving to other-than-God what belongs to God).
An honest limit
- Certain: the evil eye as a concept has a place in the religion; protection is taught through refuge in God, supplication and the Qur'an (which Sūra 17 calls a "healing").
- Cultural: believing the bead itself protects is folk custom, not a Qur'anic command.
- Amulets are a contested matter: even for an amulet containing a Qur'anic verse, scholars differ — some permit it, others forbid it (citing the prohibition of tamīma). An amulet with talismans/symbols is by consensus problematic.
Conclusion: the Qur'anic way to guard against the evil eye is seeking refuge in God; the protective power of the blue bead is a cultural, not religious, belief. We do not deny the concept of the evil eye; we say that tying it to an object is not religion.
Source: Qur'anic verses (M. Okuyan meal). The Qur'an is the centre; the 'evil eye' concept belongs to the hadith tradition, not the Qur'an, and is marked as such. Not a fiqh fatwa.