← Surah 2

2:178

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْقِصَاصُ فِى ٱلْقَتْلَى ۖ ٱلْحُرُّ بِٱلْحُرِّ وَٱلْعَبْدُ بِٱلْعَبْدِ وَٱلْأُنثَىٰ بِٱلْأُنثَىٰ ۚ فَمَنْ عُفِىَ لَهُۥ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَىْءٌ فَٱتِّبَاعٌۢ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَأَدَآءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَـٰنٍ ۗ ذَٰلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ ۗ فَمَنِ ٱعْتَدَىٰ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَهُۥ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

Word by word

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا
O you
Noun
Root: أيي
Grammar (i'rab)
يَٰٓPrepositionvocative، prefix
أَيُّNounaccusative
هَاPrepositionATT، suffix
ٱلَّذِينَ
who
Noun
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلَّذِينَNounrelative، masc. plur.
ءَامَنُوا۟
believe[d]
Verb
Root: أمن
Grammar (i'rab)
ءَامَنُVerbperfect، 3rd masc. plur.
وا۟Nounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. plur.
كُتِبَ
Prescribed
Verb
Root: كتب
Grammar (i'rab)
كُتِبَVerbperfect، passive، 3rd masc. sing.
عَلَيْكُمُ
for you
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
عَلَيْPrepositionpreposition
كُمُNounpronoun، suffix، 2nd masc. plur.
ٱلْقِصَاصُ
(is) the legal retribution
Noun
Root: قصص
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
قِصَاصُNounmasculine، nominative
فِى
in
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فِىPrepositionpreposition
ٱلْقَتْلَى
(the matter of) the murdered
Noun
Root: قتل
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
قَتْلَىNounpreposition، genitive
ٱلْحُرُّ
the freeman
Noun
Root: حرر
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
حُرُّNounmasculine، nominative
بِٱلْحُرِّ
for the freeman
Noun
Root: حرر
Grammar (i'rab)
بِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
حُرِّNounmasculine، genitive
وَٱلْعَبْدُ
and the slave
Noun
Root: عبد
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
عَبْدُNounmasculine، nominative
بِٱلْعَبْدِ
for the slave
Noun
Root: عبد
Grammar (i'rab)
بِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
عَبْدِNounmasculine، genitive
وَٱلْأُنثَىٰ
and the female
Noun
Root: أنث
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
أُنثَىٰNounfeminine، nominative
بِٱلْأُنثَىٰ
for the female
Noun
Root: أنث
Grammar (i'rab)
بِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
أُنثَىٰNounfeminine، genitive
فَمَنْ
But whoever
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresumption، prefix
مَنْNounconditional
عُفِىَ
is pardoned
Verb
Root: عفو
Grammar (i'rab)
عُفِىَVerbperfect، passive، 3rd masc. sing.
لَهُۥ
[for it]
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
لَPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هُۥNounpronoun، 3rd masc. sing.
مِنْ
from
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
مِنْPrepositionpreposition
أَخِيهِ
his brother
Noun
Root: أخو
Grammar (i'rab)
أَخِيNounmasc. sing.، genitive
هِNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. sing.
شَىْءٌ
anything
Noun
Root: شيأ
Grammar (i'rab)
شَىْءٌNounmasculine، indefinite، nominative
فَٱتِّبَاعٌۢ
then follows up
Noun
Root: تبع
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
ٱتِّبَاعٌۢNounverbal noun، masculine، indefinite، nominative
بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ
with suitable
Noun
Root: عرف
Grammar (i'rab)
بِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
مَعْرُوفِNounpassive participle، masculine، genitive
وَأَدَآءٌ
[and] payment
Noun
Root: أدي
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
أَدَآءٌNounverbal noun، masculine، indefinite، nominative
إِلَيْهِ
to him
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
إِلَيْPrepositionpreposition
هِNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. sing.
بِإِحْسَٰنٍ
with kindness
Noun
Root: حسن
Grammar (i'rab)
بِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
إِحْسَٰنٍNounverbal noun، masculine، indefinite، genitive
ذَٰلِكَ
That (is)
Noun
Grammar (i'rab)
ذَٰNoundemonstrative، masc. sing.
لِPrepositiondistance، suffix
كَPrepositionaddressee، suffix، masculine
تَخْفِيفٌ
a concession
Noun
Root: خفف
Grammar (i'rab)
تَخْفِيفٌNounverbal noun، masculine، indefinite، nominative
مِّن
from
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
مِّنPrepositionpreposition
رَّبِّكُمْ
your Lord
Noun
Root: ربب
Grammar (i'rab)
رَّبِّNounmasculine، genitive
كُمْNounpronoun، suffix، 2nd masc. plur.
وَرَحْمَةٌ
and mercy
Noun
Root: رحم
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
رَحْمَةٌNounfeminine، indefinite، nominative
فَمَنِ
Then whoever
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresumption، prefix
مَنِNounconditional
ٱعْتَدَىٰ
transgresses
Verb
Root: عدو
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱعْتَدَىٰVerbperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
بَعْدَ
after
Noun
Root: بعد
Grammar (i'rab)
بَعْدَNountime adverb، accusative
ذَٰلِكَ
that
Noun
Grammar (i'rab)
ذَٰNoundemonstrative، masc. sing.
لِPrepositiondistance، suffix
كَPrepositionaddressee، suffix، masculine
فَلَهُۥ
then for him
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresult، prefix
لَPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هُۥNounpronoun، 3rd masc. sing.
عَذَابٌ
(is) a punishment
Noun
Root: عذب
Grammar (i'rab)
عَذَابٌNounmasculine، indefinite، nominative
أَلِيمٌ
painful
Noun
Root: ألم
Grammar (i'rab)
أَلِيمٌNounmasc. sing.، indefinite، nominative، adjective

Translation

EN

O ye who believe! the law of equality is prescribed to you in cases of murder: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, the woman for the woman. But if any remission is made by the brother of the slain, then grant any reasonable demand, and compensate him with handsome gratitude, this is a concession and a Mercy from your Lord. After this whoever exceeds the limits shall be in grave penalty.

A. Yusuf Alipublic-domain

You who believe, fair retribution is prescribed for you in cases of murder: the free man for the free man, the slave for the slave, the female for the female. But if the culprit is pardoned by his aggrieved brother, this shall be adhered to fairly, and the culprit shall pay what is due in a good way. This is an alleviation from your Lord and an act of mercy. If anyone then exceeds these limits, grievous suffering awaits him.

M.A.S. Abdel Haleemall-rights-reserved

O ye who believe! Retaliation is prescribed for you in the matter of the murdered; the freeman for the freeman, and the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. And for him who is forgiven somewhat by his (injured) brother, prosecution according to usage and payment unto him in kindness. This is an alleviation and a mercy from your Lord. He who transgresseth after this will have a painful doom.

M. Pickthallpublic-domain

O you who have believed, prescribed for you is legal retribution for those murdered - the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But whoever overlooks from his brother [i.e., the killer] anything, then there should be a suitable follow-up and payment to him [i.e., the deceased's heir or legal representative] with good conduct. This is an alleviation from your Lord and a mercy. But whoever transgresses after that will have a painful punishment.

Saheeh Internationalall-rights-reserved

TR

Ey İnananlar! Öldürülenler hakkında size kısas farz kılındı: Hür ile hür insan, köle ile köle ve kadın ile kadın. Öldüren, ölenin kardeşi tarafından bağışlanmışsa, kendisine örfe uymak ve bağışlayana güzellikle diyet ödemek gerekir. Bu, Rabbiniz'den bir hafifletme ve rahmettir. Bundan sonra tecavüzde bulunana elem verici azab vardır.

Diyanet İşleriall-rights-reserved

Ey iman edenler! Öldürmede kısas size farz kılındı. Hüre hür, köleye köle, kadına kadın. Ama her kim, ölenin kardeşi tarafından bir şey karşılığı bağışlanırsa, o zaman örfe uyması, ona diyeti güzellikle ödemesi gerekir. Bu, Rabbiniz tarafından bir hafifletme ve bir rahmettir. Her kim bunun arkasından yine saldırırsa, artık ona acı veren bir azab vardır.

Elmalılı Hamdi Yazırpublic-domain

Ey iman edenler! Öldürülenler hakkında kısas size farz kılındı: Hür kişiye karşılık bizzat o hür kişi, köleye karşılık bizzat o köle, kadına karşılık da bizzat o kadın. Kimin cezası, kardeşi (öldürülenin velisi) tarafından bir şey (karşılığı) bağışlanırsa, artık (taraflar) hakkaniyete uymalı ve (öldüren kişi gereken diyeti) ona (öldürdüğünün yakınlarına) güzellikle ödemelidir. Bu (söylenenler), Rabbinizden bir hafifletme ve merhamettir. Kim bundan sonra haddi aşarsa onun için elem verici bir azap vardır.

Mehmet Okuyanall-rights-reserved

AR

يا أيها الذين صدقوا الله ورسوله وعملوا بشرعه فرض الله عليكم أن تقتصوا من القاتل عمدا بقتله، بشرط المساواة والمماثلة: يُقتل الحر بمثله، والعبد بمثله، والأنثى بمثلها. فمن سامحه ولي المقتول بالعفو عن الاقتصاص منه والاكتفاء بأخذ الدية -وهي قدر مالي محدد يدفعه الجاني مقابل العفو عنه- فليلتزم الطرفان بحسن الخلق، فيطالب الولي بالدية من غير عنف، ويدفع القاتل إليه حقه بإحسان، مِن غير تأخير ولا نقص. ذلك العفو مع أخذ الدية تخفيف من ربكم ورحمة بكم؛ لما فيه من التسهيل والانتفاع. فمَن قتل القاتل بعد العفو عنه وأَخْذِ الدية فله عذاب أليم بقتله قصاصًا في الدنيا، أو بالنار في الآخرة.

Tafsir al-Muyassarfree-distribution

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