← Surah 4

4:11

يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِىٓ أَوْلَـٰدِكُمْ ۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ ۚ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوْقَ ٱثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ ۖ وَإِن كَانَتْ وَٰحِدَةً فَلَهَا ٱلنِّصْفُ ۚ وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَٰحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌ ۚ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُ ۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخْوَةٌ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُ ۚ مِنۢ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِى بِهَآ أَوْ دَيْنٍ ۗ ءَابَآؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَآؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا ۚ فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا

Word by word

يُوصِيكُمُ
Instructs you
Verb
Root: وصي
Grammar (i'rab)
يُوصِيVerbimperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
كُمُNounpronoun، suffix، 2nd masc. plur.
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
Noun
Root: أله
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱللَّهُNounproper noun، nominative
فِىٓ
concerning
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فِىٓPrepositionpreposition
أَوْلَٰدِكُمْ
your children
Noun
Root: ولد
Grammar (i'rab)
أَوْلَٰدِNounmasc. plur.، genitive
كُمْNounpronoun، suffix، 2nd masc. plur.
لِلذَّكَرِ
for the male
Noun
Root: ذكر
Grammar (i'rab)
لِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
لPrepositiondefinite، prefix
ذَّكَرِNounmasculine، genitive
مِثْلُ
like
Noun
Root: مثل
Grammar (i'rab)
مِثْلُNounmasculine، nominative
حَظِّ
(the) portion
Noun
Root: حظظ
Grammar (i'rab)
حَظِّNounmasculine، genitive
ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ
(of) two females
Noun
Root: أنث
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلْPrepositiondefinite، prefix
أُنثَيَيْنِNounfem. dual، genitive
فَإِن
But if
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresumption، prefix
إِنPrepositionconditional
كُنَّ
there are
Verb
Root: كون
Grammar (i'rab)
كُVerbperfect، 3rd fem. plur.
نَّNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd fem. plur.
نِسَآءً
(only) women
Noun
Root: نسو
Grammar (i'rab)
نِسَآءًNounfem. plur.، indefinite، accusative
فَوْقَ
more (than)
Noun
Root: فوق
Grammar (i'rab)
فَوْقَNounlocation adverb، masculine، accusative
ٱثْنَتَيْنِ
two
Noun
Root: ثني
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱثْنَتَيْنِNounfem. dual، genitive
فَلَهُنَّ
then for them
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresult، prefix
لَPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هُنَّNounpronoun، 3rd fem. plur.
ثُلُثَا
two thirds
Noun
Root: ثلث
Grammar (i'rab)
ثُلُثَاNounmasc. dual، nominative
مَا
(of) what
Noun
Grammar (i'rab)
مَاNounrelative
تَرَكَ
he left
Verb
Root: ترك
Grammar (i'rab)
تَرَكَVerbperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
وَإِن
And if
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
إِنPrepositionconditional
كَانَتْ
(there) is
Verb
Root: كون
Grammar (i'rab)
كَانَتْVerbperfect، 3rd fem. sing.
وَٰحِدَةً
(only) one
Noun
Root: وحد
Grammar (i'rab)
وَٰحِدَةًNounfeminine، indefinite، accusative
فَلَهَا
then for her
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresult، prefix
لَPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هَاNounpronoun، 3rd fem. sing.
ٱلنِّصْفُ
(is) half
Noun
Root: نصف
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلPrepositiondefinite، prefix
نِّصْفُNounmasculine، nominative
وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ
And for his parents
Noun
Root: أبو
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
لِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
أَبَوَيْNounmasc. dual، genitive
هِNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. sing.
لِكُلِّ
for each
Noun
Root: كلل
Grammar (i'rab)
لِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
كُلِّNounmasculine، genitive
وَٰحِدٍ
one
Noun
Root: وحد
Grammar (i'rab)
وَٰحِدٍNounmasc. sing.، indefinite، genitive
مِّنْهُمَا
of them
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
مِّنْPrepositionpreposition
هُمَاNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd dual
ٱلسُّدُسُ
a sixth
Noun
Root: سدس
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلPrepositiondefinite، prefix
سُّدُسُNounmasculine، nominative
مِمَّا
of what
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
مِPrepositionpreposition
مَّاNounrelative
تَرَكَ
(is) left
Verb
Root: ترك
Grammar (i'rab)
تَرَكَVerbperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
إِن
if
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
إِنPrepositionconditional
كَانَ
is
Verb
Root: كون
Grammar (i'rab)
كَانَVerbperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
لَهُۥ
for him
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
لَPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هُۥNounpronoun، 3rd masc. sing.
وَلَدٌ
a child
Noun
Root: ولد
Grammar (i'rab)
وَلَدٌNounmasculine، indefinite، nominative
فَإِن
But if
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresumption، prefix
إِنPrepositionconditional
لَّمْ
not
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
لَّمْPrepositionnegative
يَكُن
is
Verb
Root: كون
Grammar (i'rab)
يَكُنVerbimperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
لَّهُۥ
for him
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
لَّPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هُۥNounpronoun، 3rd masc. sing.
وَلَدٌ
any child
Noun
Root: ولد
Grammar (i'rab)
وَلَدٌNounmasculine، indefinite، nominative
وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ
and inherit[ed] him
Verb
Root: ورث
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionresumption، prefix
وَرِثَVerbperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
هُۥٓNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. sing.
أَبَوَاهُ
his parents
Noun
Root: أبو
Grammar (i'rab)
أَبَوَاNounmasc. dual، nominative
هُNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. sing.
فَلِأُمِّهِ
then for his mother
Noun
Root: أمم
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresult، prefix
لِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
أُمِّNounfem. sing.، genitive
هِNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. sing.
ٱلثُّلُثُ
(is) one third
Noun
Root: ثلث
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلPrepositiondefinite، prefix
ثُّلُثُNounmasculine، nominative
فَإِن
And if
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresumption، prefix
إِنPrepositionconditional
كَانَ
are
Verb
Root: كون
Grammar (i'rab)
كَانَVerbperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
لَهُۥٓ
for him
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
لَPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هُۥٓNounpronoun، 3rd masc. sing.
إِخْوَةٌ
brothers and sisters
Noun
Root: أخو
Grammar (i'rab)
إِخْوَةٌNounpreposition، indefinite، nominative
فَلِأُمِّهِ
then for his mother
Noun
Root: أمم
Grammar (i'rab)
فَPrepositionresult، prefix
لِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
أُمِّNounfem. sing.، genitive
هِNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. sing.
ٱلسُّدُسُ
(is) the sixth
Noun
Root: سدس
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱلPrepositiondefinite، prefix
سُّدُسُNounmasculine، nominative
مِنۢ
from
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
مِنۢPrepositionpreposition
بَعْدِ
after
Noun
Root: بعد
Grammar (i'rab)
بَعْدِNoungenitive
وَصِيَّةٍ
any will
Noun
Root: وصي
Grammar (i'rab)
وَصِيَّةٍNounfeminine، indefinite، genitive
يُوصِى
he has made
Verb
Root: وصي
Grammar (i'rab)
يُوصِىVerbimperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
بِهَآ
[of which]
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
بِPrepositionpreposition، prefix
هَآNounpronoun، 3rd fem. sing.
أَوْ
or
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
أَوْPrepositionconjunction
دَيْنٍ
any debt
Noun
Root: دين
Grammar (i'rab)
دَيْنٍNounmasculine، indefinite، genitive
ءَابَآؤُكُمْ
Your parents
Noun
Root: أبو
Grammar (i'rab)
ءَابَآؤُNounmasc. plur.، nominative
كُمْNounpronoun، suffix، 2nd masc. plur.
وَأَبْنَآؤُكُمْ
and your children
Noun
Root: بني
Grammar (i'rab)
وَPrepositionconjunction، prefix
أَبْنَآؤُNounmasc. plur.، nominative
كُمْNounpronoun، suffix، 2nd masc. plur.
لَا
not
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
لَاPrepositionnegative
تَدْرُونَ
you know
Verb
Root: دري
Grammar (i'rab)
تَدْرُVerbimperfect، 2nd masc. plur.
ونَNounpronoun، suffix، 2nd masc. plur.
أَيُّهُمْ
which of them
Noun
Root: أيي
Grammar (i'rab)
أَيُّNouninterrogative، nominative
هُمْNounpronoun، suffix، 3rd masc. plur.
أَقْرَبُ
(is) nearer
Noun
Root: قرب
Grammar (i'rab)
أَقْرَبُNounmasc. sing.، nominative
لَكُمْ
to you
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
لَPrepositionpreposition، prefix
كُمْNounpronoun، 2nd masc. plur.
نَفْعًا
(in) benefit
Noun
Root: نفع
Grammar (i'rab)
نَفْعًاNounmasculine، indefinite، accusative
فَرِيضَةً
An obligation
Noun
Root: فرض
Grammar (i'rab)
فَرِيضَةًNounfeminine، indefinite، accusative
مِّنَ
from
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
مِّنَPrepositionpreposition
ٱللَّهِ
Allah
Noun
Root: أله
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱللَّهِNounproper noun، genitive
إِنَّ
Indeed
Preposition
Grammar (i'rab)
إِنَّPrepositionaccusative
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
Noun
Root: أله
Grammar (i'rab)
ٱللَّهَNounproper noun، accusative
كَانَ
is
Verb
Root: كون
Grammar (i'rab)
كَانَVerbperfect، 3rd masc. sing.
عَلِيمًا
All-Knowing
Noun
Root: علم
Grammar (i'rab)
عَلِيمًاNounmasc. sing.، indefinite، accusative
حَكِيمًا
All-Wise
Noun
Root: حكم
Grammar (i'rab)
حَكِيمًاNounmasc. sing.، indefinite، accusative، adjective

Translation

EN

Allah (thus) directs you as regards your Children's (Inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females: if only daughters, two or more, their share is two-thirds of the inheritance; if only one, her share is a half. For parents, a sixth share of the inheritance to each, if the deceased left children; if no children, and the parents are the (only) heirs, the mother has a third; if the deceased Left brothers (or sisters) the mother has a sixth. (The distribution in all cases ('s) after the payment of legacies and debts. Ye know not whether your parents or your children are nearest to you in benefit. These are settled portions ordained by Allah; and Allah is All-knowing, Al-wise.

A. Yusuf Alipublic-domain

Concerning your children, God commands you that a son should have the equivalent share of two daughters. If there are only daughters, two or more should share two-thirds of the inheritance, if one, she should have half. Parents inherit a sixth each if the deceased leaves children; if he leaves no children and his parents are his sole heirs, his mother has a third, unless he has brothers, in which case she has a sixth. [In all cases, the distribution comes] after payment of any bequests or debts. You cannot know which of your parents or your children is more beneficial to you: this is a law from God, and He is all knowing, all wise.

M.A.S. Abdel Haleemall-rights-reserved

Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if there be women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance, and if there be one (only) then the half. And to each of his parents a sixth of the inheritance, if he have a son; and if he have no son and his parents are his heirs, then to his mother appertaineth the third; and if he have brethren, then to his mother appertaineth the sixth, after any legacy he may have bequeathed, or debt (hath been paid). Your parents and your children: Ye know not which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.

M. Pickthallpublic-domain

Allāh instructs you concerning your children [i.e., their portions of inheritance]: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females. But if there are [only] daughters, two or more, for them is two thirds of one's estate. And if there is only one, for her is half. And for one's parents, to each one of them is a sixth of his estate if he left children. But if he had no children and the parents [alone] inherit from him, then for his mother is one third. And if he had brothers [and/or sisters], for his mother is a sixth, after any bequest he [may have] made or debt. Your parents or your children - you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit. [These shares are] an obligation [imposed] by Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is ever Knowing and Wise.

Saheeh Internationalall-rights-reserved

TR

Allah çocuklarınız hakkında, erkeğe iki dişinin hissesi kadar tavsiye eder. Eğer kadınlar ikinin üstünde ise, bırakılanın üçte ikisi onlarındır; şayet bir ise yarısı onundur. Ana babadan her birine, ölenin çocuğu varsa yaptığı vasiyetten veya borcundan arta kalanın altıda biri, çocuğu yoksa, anası babası ona varis olur, anasına üçte bir düşer. Kardeşleri varsa, altıda biri annesinindir; babalarınız ve oğullarınızdan menfaatçe hangisinin size daha yakın olduğunu siz bilmezsiniz. Bunlar Allah tarafından tesbit edilmiştir. Doğrusu Allah bilendir, Hakim olandır.

Diyanet İşleriall-rights-reserved

Allah size evlatlarınızın miras taksimini şöyle emrediyor: Çocuklarınızda, erkeğe iki kadın payı kadar, eğer hepsi kadın olmak üzere ikiden de fazla iseler, bunlara mirasın üçte ikisi ve eğer bir tek kadın ise o zaman ona malın yarısı vardır. Eğer ölen, ana ve baba ile birlikte çocuklar da bırakmışsa ana babanın her birine ölenin terekesinden altıda bir; şâyet ölenin çocuğu yok da, mirasçı olarak ana ve babası kalmışsa, ananın payı üçte birdir. Eğer ölenin kardeşleri varsa terekenin altıda biriananındır. Bu paylar, ölenin borçları ödenip, vasiyeti de yerine getirildikten sonra hak sahiplerine verilir. Baba ve çocuklardan, hangisinin size fayda bakımından daha yakın olduğunu, siz bilmezsiniz. Bütün bunlar Allah tarafından farz kılınmıştır. Şüphesiz Allah alîmdir, hakîmdir.

Elmalılı Hamdi Yazırpublic-domain

Allah size, çocuklarınız hakkında, erkeğe, kadının payının iki misli gibi (miras vermenizi) emreder. (Çocuklar) ikiden fazla kadın iseler, (ölünün) bıraktığının üçte ikisi onlarındır. (Mirasçı) tek bir (kadın) ise (mirasın) yarısı onundur. Ölenin çocuğu varsa, ana babasından her birinin mirastan altıda bir payı vardır. Çocuğu yok da ana babası ona mirasçı olmuş ise annesine üçte bir (düşer). Ölenin kardeşleri varsa, annesine altıda bir (düşer. Bütün bu paylar, ölenin daha önce yapmış olduğu) vasiyetten ve/veya borçtan sonradır. Babalarınız ve oğullarınız(dan) hangisinin size yarar bakımından daha yakın olduğunu bilemezsiniz. (Bunlar) Allah tarafından belirlenmiş paylar olarak (böyledir). Şüphesiz ki Allah bilendir, doğru hüküm verendir.

Mehmet Okuyanall-rights-reserved

AR

يوصيكم الله ويأمركم في شأن أولادكم: إذا مات أحد منكم وترك أولادًا: ذكورًا وإناثًا، فميراثه كله لهم: للذكر مثل نصيب الأنثيين، إذا لم يكن هناك وارث غيرهم. فإن ترك بنات فقط فللبنتين فأكثر ثلثا ما ترك، وإن كانت ابنة واحدة، فلها النصف. ولوالِدَي الميت لكل واحد منهما السدس إن كان له ولد: ذكرًا كان أو أنثى، واحدًا أو أكثر. فإن لم يكن له ولد وورثه والداه فلأمه الثلث ولأبيه الباقي. فإن كان للميت إخوة اثنان فأكثر، ذكورًا كانوا أو إناثًا، فلأمه السدس، وللأب الباقي ولا شيء للإخوة. وهذا التقسيم للتركة إنما يكون بعد إخراج وصية الميت في حدود الثلث أو إخراج ما عليه من دَيْن. آباؤكم وأبْناؤكم الذين فُرِض لهم الإرث لا تعرفون أيهم أقرب لكم نفعًا في دنياكم وأخراكم، فلا تفضلوا واحدًا منهم على الآخر. هذا الذي أوصيتكم به مفروض عليكم من الله. إن الله كان عليمًا بخلقه، حكيمًا فيما شرعه لهم.

Tafsir al-Muyassarfree-distribution

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